مروری بر فناوری‌های ذخیره‌سازی انرژی دارای کاربرد در پهبادها و زیردریایی‌ها

نوع مقاله : قدرت - الکترونیک قدرت

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران ، ایران

2 دانشگاه شاهد ، تهران، ایران

چکیده

یکی از عوامل اصلی در طراحی پهپادها و زیردریایی‌ها، انتخاب مناسب وسیله ذخیره‌سازی انرژی الکتریکی به‌عنوان منبع انرژی سامانه‌های پیشرانآن‌ها است. این مقاله مروری به فناوری‌های ذخیره‌سازی انرژی، اعم از باتری یا پیل سوختی که در صنایع پهبادی و زیردریایی قابل استفاده هستند، می‌پردازد. باتری­ها به دلیل وزن و فضای اشغال کمتر کاربرد بیشتری در پهبادها دارند و می­توانند به‌عنوان منبع تغذیه اصلی یا ثانویه عمل کنند. در میان ترکیبات شیمیایی مختلف، باتری­های لیتیوم یون و پلیمر، به‌عنوان رایج­ترین فناوری­های باتری شناخته می­شوند که چگالی انرژی بالاتری دارند. هر چند چگالی انرژی پیل­های سوختی در مقایسه با باتری­ها بسیار بیشتر بوده و مداومت و ارتفاع پروازی را افزایش می­دهد ولی به علت قیمت و حجم زیاد، هنوز در صنعت پهبادی متداول نشده­اند. همین ویژگی پیل­های سوختی باعث شده است تا ازآن‌ها به‌عنوان منبع انرژی در فناوری پیشرانه مستقل از هوای زیردریایی­ها استفاده شود. همچنین در خصوص پهبادها، تغییرات شدید دمایی می­تواند موجب کاهش بازده عملکردی و طول عمر باتری و حتی پیل سوختی شود. برای افت دما که ناشی از افزایش ارتفاع پروازی است، عایق­بندی باتری و برای افزایش دما که ناشی از جریان کشی بالا می­باشد، سامانه­های مدیریت حرارت ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Review of Energy Storage Technologies Applicable in Drones and Submarines

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Zamanian 1
  • seyed mohammad sadeghzadeh 2
1 Imam Hossein University (AS), Tehran, Iran
2 Shahid University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the main factors in designing drones and submarines is the appropriate choice of an electrical energy storage device as the energy source of their propulsion systems. This review paper addresses the energy storage technologies, whether battery or fuel cell, applicable in drone and submarine industries. Batteries are widely used in drones due to their lower weight and occupation space and can act as a primary or secondary power supply. Among various chemical compounds, lithium-ion and lithium polymer batteries are the most common battery technologies with a higher energy density. Although the energy density of fuel cells is much higher than that of batteries and increases flight endurance and altitude, they are not yet common in the drone industry due to the high price and volume. This feature of fuel cells has led to their usage as an energy source in the air-independent propulsion technology of submarines. Also, extreme temperature variations for drones can reduce the efficiency and lifetime of batteries and even fuel cells. Battery insulation is provided for temperature drop due to an increase in altitude, and heat management systems are provided for temperature increase due to high current flow.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drone
  • Submarine
  • Battery
  • Fuel Cell
  • Air-Independent Propulsion

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مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 بهمن 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 شهریور 1401
  • تاریخ انتشار: 30 شهریور 1401

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