Effect of the Propagation Environment on the Waveform Selection and its Optimization in Multibeam Sonar to Improve the Signal Imaging Performance

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

This paper investigates the performance of multibeam sonar imaging in underwater acoustic environment using an approach based on wideband orthogonal frequency division modulation (W-OFDM) and Gaussian pulse shaping. In the proposed approach, key waveform parameters including subcarrier spacing, symbol duration, and Gaussian pulse coefficient are tuned by a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to minimize the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) while maintaining the imaging quality. Gaussian shaping is also employed to reduce spectral leakage and improve the spectral characteristics of the signal. Simulation results show that the optimized waveform achieves a PAPR of -3.01 dB, which represents a 94.5% reduction compared to the initial value of 0.16 dB. In addition, the integrated sidelobe ratio and peak sidelobe ratio values are improved to 4.34 dB and 5.96 dB, respectively. In terms of computational efficiency, the PSO performs better with about 15 times faster convergence speed and 0.13 seconds processing time (compared to 5.81 seconds for the genetic algorithm). These findings indicate that the proposed optimization framework can be used as an effective approach to improve power efficiency and signal quality in multibeam sonar imaging and mapping applications.

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References

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History

  • Receive Date: 26 November 2024
  • Revise Date: 18 January 2025
  • Accept Date: 03 February 2025
  • Publish Date: 21 February 2025

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