Determine the effective range and safe distance from the nail wall under surface and subsurface blast loads

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Master's degree, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.

3 PhD student, Qom University, Qom, Iran.

Abstract

The development of passive defense systems and the importance of blast load and adoption of necessary measures regarding the effects of blast loading on the design and performance of underground structures, including stabilized excavations using the nailing method, make it necessary to investigate the effect of blasting on performance and deformation of nailed walls. Therefore, in the present study, three-dimensional modeling and nonlinear dynamic analysis of a nailed wall to a depth of 9 meters, under the blast load were investigated using the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method in Abacus software. To model the blast load, TNT explosive was used in different masses on the ground surface and at depths of 2, 4, and 6 meters behind the wall. In this study, while defining the two concepts of safe distance and explosion impact range, the results showed that in the stabilization of the nailed wall under the blast load, the increase in explosive mass causes an increase in the horizontal deformation created at the edge of the excavation wall and the stress created in the nails. Also, the effect of subsurface explosion on the stability of the nailed wall is greater than the surface explosion with the same mass of explosive.

Keywords


  1. Bentler, D. J. “Finite Element Analysis of Deep Excavations”; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 1998, 10, 201-215.##
  2. TM5-1300. “Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions”; US army technical manual, 1990.##
  3.  Chew, S. H.; Wong, W. K.; Chiat, N. g. C.; Tan, S. A.; Karunaratne, G. P. “Geosynthetics Reinforced Soil Wall Subject to Blast Loading”; ISRM Int. Symp, Melbourne, Australia. 2000, 49-54.##
  4. Lu, Y.; wang, Z.; Chong K. “A Comparative Study of Buried Structure in Soil Subjected to Blast Load Using 2D and 3D Numerical Simulations”; Soil. Dyn. Earthq. Eng. 2005, 25, 275-288.##
  5. Nagy, N. M.; Eltehawy, E. A.; Elhanafy, H. M. “Numerical Modeling of Geometrical Analysis for Underground Structures”; 13th Conf on Aerospace scinces & Aviation Technology. 2009.##
  6. Yang, Y.; Xie, X. I.; Wang, R. “Numerical Simulation of Dynamic Response of Operating Metro Tunnel Induced by Ground Explosion”; J. Rock. Mech. Geotech. Eng. 2010, 2, 4, 373-384.##
  7. Sheini, D. “The Effect of Explosion on Tunnels in Unsaturated Layer Environments”; A. Thesis, K. N. Toosi University of Technology. 2013 (In Persian).##
  8. Bazyar, M. H.; Rabeti Moghadam, M.; Gholipour, S. “Numerical Investigation of Gravity and Reinforced Soil Wall Performance under Blast Loading”; Passive Defence Sci. & Technol. 2012, 3, 259-267 (In Persian).##
  9.  Jayasinghe, L. B.; Thambiratnam, D. P.; Perera, N.; Jayasooriya, J. H. “Computer Simulation of Underground Blast Response of Pile in Saturated Soil”; Comput. Geotech. 2013, 5, 86-95.##
  10. B. V. H.; Prakash, A.; Jakel, R.; Rao B. P. “Numerical Study on Underground Structures Subjected to Shock Loading”; Int. J. Civil. Struct. Eng. 2014, 5, 3, 125-143.##
  11. Chakraborty, T. “Analysis of Hollow Steel Piles Subjected to Buried Blast Loading”; Comput. Geotech. 2016, 78, 194-202.##
  12. Entezari, H.; Barkhordari, K. “Effect of Surface Blasting on Subway Tunnels- A Parametric Study”; Analytical and Numerical Methods in Mining Engineering 2017, 6, 63-72.##
  13. Khodaparast, M.; Hoseini, S. H. “Effect of Pile Space in Pile Group under Explosive Loading”; Passive Defence Sci. & Technol. 2019, 9, 393-404 (In Persian).##
  14. Khodaparast, M.; Moghbeli, M. “Numerical Simulation of Blast Induced Soil Liquefaction”; Passive Defence Sci. & Technol. 2020, 11, 205-210 (In Persian).##
  15. Khodaparast, M.; Mohamad Momeni, R.; Bayesteh, H. “Numerical Simulation of Surface Blast Reduction Using Composite Backfill”; Geosynt Int. 2021, 1-46.##
  16. Jayasinghe, L. B.; Goh, A. T. C.; Zhao, Z. Y.; Zhou, H. Y.; Gui, Y. L.; Tao, M. “A Field Study on Pile Response to Blast-Induced Ground Motion”; Soil. Dyn. Earthq. Eng. 2018, 114, 568-575.##
  17. Yang, G.; Wang, G.; LU, W.; Yan, P.; Chen, M. “Damage Assessment and Mitigation Measures of Underwater Tunnel Subjected to Blast Loads”; Tunn. Underg. Space Technol. 2019, 94, 103-131.##
  18. Ibrahim, Y. E.; Nabil, M. “Finite Element Analysis of Pile Foundations under Surface Blast Loads”; Int. Conf. Damage Assessment of Structures, Singapore, 2020.##
  19. Shen, C. K.; Bang, S.; Herrman, L. R. “Ground Movement Analysis of Earth Support System”; J. Geotech. Eng. Division. ASCE. 1981, 107, 1609-1623.##
  20. Zhang, M.; Song, E.; Chen, Z. h. “Ground Movement Analysis of Soil Nailing Construction by Three-Dimensional (3-D) Finite Element Modeling (FEM)”; J. Comput. Geotech. 1999, 25, 191-204.##
  21. Coulomb, C. “Essai Sur Une Application Des Regles Des Maximis et Minimis a Quelques Problemes de Statique Relatifs a L'architecture” ; Mem. Pres. Par. Div. Savants, 1773, 7, 343-382.##
  22. Abaqus, Ver. 6.17. Providence. 2017, (RI, USA): Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corp.##
  23. Lazarte, C. A.; Elias, V.; Espinoza, R. D.; Sabatini, P. J. “Geotechnical Circular No. 7–Soil Nail Walls”; Report No. FHWA IF-02-017, Federal Highway Administration. 2003, Washington, DC.##